HIV / AIDS Awareness Month

1 December is World AIDS Day and the theme for this year is Remember and Commit. Every year this event serves as a reminder of the global struggle to end the stigma attached to HIV/AIDS and creates an opportunity to honour those we have lost. This event is also a rallying cry to commit to working toward a day when HIV and AIDS are no longer public health threats.

Did you know? Around 8.45 million people in South Africa live with HIV – an estimated 13.9% of the population.

What is HIV and AIDS?

”HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that attacks cells that help the body fight infection, making a person more vulnerable to other infections and diseases. It is spread by contact with certain bodily fluids of a person with HIV, most commonly during unprotected sex (sex without a condom or HIV medicine to prevent or treat HIV), or through sharing injection drug equipment. If left untreated, HIV can lead to the disease AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome).” www.hiv.gov:

What are the symptoms of HIV and AIDS?

The symptoms include:

·      Recurring Fever & Chills                      

·      Headache, Muscle aches and joint pain

·      Rashes & Night sweats

·      Sore throat and painful mouth sores

·      Swollen lymph glands, mainly on the neck

·      Persistent, unexplained fatigue

·      Weakness & Diarrhoea

·      Weight loss

·      Recurring Cough

www.mayoclinic.org

The psychological impact on someone living with HIV/AIDS:

Apart from the terrible physical symptoms one can endure, there are also many mental and emotional challenges that an HIV-positive person may experience, including but not limited to:

·        Depression & Anxiety

·        Fear & Isolation

·        Feeling stigmatized

·        Feeling discriminated against

·        Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

·        Substance Use Disorder

·       Feeling guilt, anger, or shame

These are just a few of the possible psychological impacts on HIV-positive individuals. This is a life-threatening illness and does not only affect a person on a physical level, but also on a mental and emotional level. This being the case, an individual with HIV/AIDS often must bear the burden of a double stigma, as there is also still a stigma associated with mental conditions such as Depression and Anxiety and even PTSD.

Common myths contributing to the stigma surrounding HIV & AIDS

Although we don’t know everything there is to know about HIV & AIDS, there are many common myths that are often believed to be facts. The following activities DO NOT transmit HIV:

·        Breathing the same air

·        Using the same toilet

·        Hugging, kissing, or shaking hands

·        Sharing eating utensils

·        Using exercise equipment at the gym

·        Mosquitoes carrying HIV

·        Oral Sex

Along with the abovementioned, some people still believe that if you are heterosexual and don’t use Intravenous (IV) drugs you will not get HIV, this is also a myth, as anyone who engages in sexual activity or shares IV drugs with someone who’s HIV positive may contract the virus. Another detail worth mentioning is that people with HIV who have an undetectable viral load have effectively no risk of transmitting HIV.

Addressing the psychological effects of HIV/AIDS in the workplace:

Addressing the psychological effects of HIV/AIDS in the South African workplace requires a comprehensive and supportive strategy. Here are some recommendations:

1. Create a Supportive Work Environment

Foster a workplace culture that is inclusive, non-discriminatory, and supportive of employees living with HIV/AIDS. This includes promoting understanding, empathy, and respect among colleagues.

2. Educate Employees

Implement awareness and education programmes to reduce stigma and increase understanding about HIV/AIDS. This can be done through workshops, seminars, and informational materials to dispel myths and misconceptions.

3. Confidential Counselling Services

Provide confidential counselling services for employees living with HIV/AIDS. This can help individuals cope with the psychological impact of the disease, manage stress, and address any mental health concerns.

4. Anti-Discrimination Policies

Develop and enforce clear anti-discrimination policies that protect employees living with HIV/AIDS. Communicate these policies to all staff and ensure that employees feel safe and supported in disclosing their status without fear of negative consequences.

5. Flexible Work Policies

Implement flexible work policies that accommodate the unique needs of employees with HIV/AIDS. This may include flexible scheduling for medical appointments or remote work options when necessary.

6. Health and Wellness Programmes

Integrate health and wellness programmes into the workplace that promote overall well-being. This can include initiatives focused on physical health, mental health, and stress management.

7. Promote Open Communication

Encourage open communication about health issues in the workplace. This can be facilitated through regular meetings, newsletters, or communication channels that emphasize the importance of support and understanding.

8. Collaborate with Healthcare Providers

Establish partnerships with healthcare providers to ensure that employees have access to appropriate medical care and treatment. This collaboration can also include educational sessions on managing HIV/AIDS in the workplace.

9. Community Engagement

Engage with the community and external organizations working on HIV/AIDS awareness and support. This can strengthen the company's commitment to addressing the broader societal impact of the disease.

10. Monitor and Evaluate

Regularly monitor the effectiveness of the implemented strategies and seek feedback from employees. Make adjustments as needed to better address the evolving needs of employees living with HIV/AIDS.

What can I do to help stop the stigma surrounding HIV & AIDS?

While many people know how to prevent HIV and that treatment exists, not many of us know how we can play our part in fighting against the stigma surrounding HIV & AIDS. “Talking openly about HIV can help normalize the subject. It also provides opportunities to correct misconceptions and help others learn more about HIV. But be mindful of how you talk about HIV and people living with HIV.” www.cdc.gov

To help stop the stigma you can:

·     Educate yourself

·     Be aware of your behaviour and attitudes, choose your words carefully

·     Educate others by passing on facts and challenging myths

·     Treat everyone with dignity and respect, offer support and encouragement

·     Include everyone

What to do if you test positive for HIV/AIDS:                                         

When someone receives an HIV diagnosis it can be emotionally devastating, luckily there is help.

After a positive HIV test, it's vital to consult a healthcare professional promptly, even if you feel well. Swift medical attention and starting HIV medication early are key to maintaining health. The first appointment includes a health review, physical exam, and lab tests. Starting HIV medication is recommended soon after diagnosis, but individuals should be prepared for daily, lifelong treatment. It will also be important to reach out to a qualified Counsellor, such as a social worker or psychologist, to facilitate tailored counselling sessions for both you and your loved ones. This support will assist you in navigating the mental, emotional, and psychological challenges associated with HIV/AIDS.

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